Saturday, 6 April 2019

962) Niue Island: The "1001 Arabian Nights Tales": The First Coin in the Series features the Story of Alibaba and the 40 Thieves on a Silver $2 Crown Coin issued by the New Zealand Mint on behalf of Niue Island in the South Pacific: Issue date: 29.03.2019:

962) Niue Island: The "1001 Arabian Nights Tales": The First Coin in the Series features the Story of Alibaba and the 40 Thieves on a Silver $2 Crown Coin issued by the New Zealand Mint on behalf of Niue Island in the South Pacific: Issue date: 29.03.2019:


The Government and Treasury of Niue Island in the South Pacific have issued a new Silver $2 Crown Coin which is the first coin in an exciting series of issues that features  tales from the Arabic "The Thousand and One Arabian Nights" tales.

"The Thousand and One Nights" (also called "The Arabian Nights" and in Arabic "Alf Laylah wa Laylah") is a collection of Middle Eastern and Indian stories, whose original authorship is obscured in the mists of time. Nevertheless, these tales fascinate the listener with fairy tales, romances, legends, fables, parables, anecdotes and exotic or realistic adventures. 

The story originates in Central Asia or "the islands or peninsulae of India and China," where King Shahryar discovers  that during his absences , his wife has been unfaithful and executes her and those with whom she has betrayed him. Then he becomes a misogynist and marries and executes a new wife every day, until no woman is willing to marry him.

His "vizier" (minister) who has two daughters - Shahrazad (Scheherazade) and Dunyazad is told by the elder daughter that she has devised a plan to save herself and other women from meeting a deadly fate. She asks her father to get her married to the King. 

After marriage, every evening, Shahrazad tells him a captivating story, which is so entertaining that the king is so eager to hear the end , which she narrates only the next day, that he puts off her execution every day and finally abandons his plan to kill her.

Though the names of its chief characters are probably Iranian, the frame-story is Indian, with several names being Arabic. The tales span several countries in their range of origin - India, Iran, Iraq, Egypt, Turkey and Greece.

The first known reference to the "1001 Arabian Nights" is a 9th Century fragment. The next reference is from 947 AD by al-Mas'udi in an essay on a discussion of legendary stories from India, Iran and Greece titled "Hazaar Afsane" (meaning "A Thousand Tales"). 

In 987 AD, Ibn al-Nadim mentioned that Abu Abd Allah ibn Abdus al-Jahshiyari began a collection of 1000 popular Arabic, Iranian, Indian, Greek and other tales but he died when only 480 stories were written/compiled.

As such, the original title "One Thousand and One Tales" and "One thousand and one Nights", was intended only to convey that a large number of stories have been compiled/collated and was not to be taken literally. Much later, more stories were added to make up this number.

Several persons later worked on the compilation of the Tales, including from Egypt, and translations by Arthur Muller.

By the mid-twentieth Century, six successive forms/writings were identified - two 8th Century Arabic translations of the Persian "Hazar Afsane" (called "Alf Khurafah") and "Alf Laylah, a 9th Century version of Alf Laylah, but including other stories then known.

The 10th Century work by al-Jahshiyari, a 12th Century collection including Egyptian Tales and the final version, extending to the 16th Century and consisting of the earlier material with the addition of stories of the Islamic Counter-Crusades and tales brought to the Middle East by the Mongols.

The ten Tales best known the world over are - Shahryar and Scheherazade, Ali Baba and the 40 Thieves, Aladdin's Wonderful Lamp, The Seven Voyages of Sindbad The Sailor, The Three Apples, The Tale of The Hunchback, The Vizier and the Sage Duban, The Fisherman and the Djinni, The Lovers of Bassorah, The Three Princes and the Princess Nouronnihar also got added to the corpus.

In 1704 and 1717, the first European translation of the Tales which was also the first published edition was done by Antoine Galland as "Les Mille et Une Nuits, contes arabes traduits en francais" (12 volumes). His translation remained standard until the mid-19th Century, some portions even being re-translated into Arabic, the Arabic text being published at Calcutta (present day Kolkata).  

French and English continuations, versions or editions of Galland later added more stories from oral traditions and manuscript sources

Among the best-known 19th Century translations into English are of Richard Francis Bacon, who published translations from the Arabian Nights Tales in ten volumes, in 1885,  which he called "The Book of the Thousand Nights and One Night". His addendum "Supplementary Nights" was published between 1886 and 1888 in six volumes.

The first Coin in the Series features the story of "Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves": The Story - 29th Saga in the Arabian Night Tales Collection:

Renowned for being one of the most familiar Arabian Nights Tales, the Arabian folklore of Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves features on the first coin in this series.

Ali Baba is a poor wood-cutter, who one day while he was in the forest saw a band of 40 thieves standing in front of a blocked cave. Ali Baba climbs a tree to escape detection, fearing correctly that the men before him was a band of thieves.The leader of the band of thieves then says "Open Sesame" and before Ali Baba's amazed eyes, the sealed entrance of the cave magically opens and the men disappeared inside. As they re-emerge from the cave, the leader shouts "Close Sesame" and the cave is sealed once again.

Trembling with excitement, Ali Baba waits until the thieves have left and attempts to enter the cave himself after saying the magic/secret words. To his delight, the cave entrance opens like before and to his astonishment, he finds untold riches and unimaginable treasures inside. Ali Baba quickly leaves the magic lair with some gold coins and rushes home to tell his brother Kasim about this wondrous cave. 

Kasim, however, sets off to retrieve some of the treasures for himself, without telling Ali Baba of his intentions. He says the magic/secret words for entering the cave, but in his astonishment at seeing the treasures inside the cave, he forgets the secret password to exit the secret hideout. The returning band of thieves to their secret hide-out, spot him with a couple of sacks full of the treasure inside the cave and he is caught red-handed and killed by the thieves. 

Ali Baba discovers his brother's lifeless body in the cave and with the help of a slave-girl Merjina, he brings Kasim's body back home to bury it.

Realising that someone else knows about their hidden treasures, the thieves track Ali Baba down. The leader, who is disguised as an oil seller, befriends Ali Baba, and brings with him mules loaded with 39 large oil jars in which his band of 39 other thieves are hidden/concealed. Merjina quickly spots the leader and about the hidden band of thieves in the jars. She pours boiling oil into the jars killing the hidden thieves. In order to distract the leader of the band of thieves, Merjina dances a "dagger dance" enticingly to gain his attention. After several feints with her dagger, she finds an opportunity to stab him in the heart, before he could kill Ali Baba or hurt his family. Thus she saves Ali Baba's life.

A grateful Ali Baba marries Merjina to his son and they lived happily with the thieves' treasure.

The Coin:

This Coin is minted by the New Zealand Mint at their facilities in Auckland on behalf of the Treasury of Niue.

        The Obverse and Reverse of the $2 Silver Crown Coin


                  The Reverse of the $2 Silver Crown Coin


The Reverse of the Silver $2 Crown Coin is inspired by the story of Ali Baba and several images have been engraved to create a compilation showing the leader of the forty thieves at the entrance of the cave. Just as he speaks the magic words and the sealed entrance to the cave full of treasures opens, Ali Baba watches in amazement, perched on a tree branch.




                      The Obverse of the $2 Silver Crown Coin

The Obverse of the $2 Silver Crown Coin includes the new Crest/Emblem of the Government of Niue, which is being used for the first time on this coin.

Above the Emblem on the upper periphery is the denomination of the Coin "TWO DOLLARS" and on the lower periphery is the year of issue "2019".

The specifications of this coin are:

Denomination: Two Dollars; Metal Composition: .999 Silver (Ag); Weight: 31.1 grams or 1 Troy Oz; Diameter/Size: 40.0 mm; Coin Quality: Proof with Antique Finish; Maximum Mintage: 3,000 pieces; Year of issue: 2019; Mint: New Zealand Mint on behalf of the Treasury of Niue Island.

The new Crest of Niue Island:

The Crown: A representation of Queen Elizabeth II as the Head of State of Niue, the Crown isplaced atop a garland wreath.

Garland Wreath ("Kahoa-Fakahoa Motu"): A traditional Niuean design, the symbolism of the garland wreath in 14 segments represents the 14 villages comprising the island nation of Niue.

Central imagery: The outer ring represents Niue's custom of weaving and handicrafts. Traditional Niuean design is used to represent the binding of Niue to the rest of the world, with the world being represented by the circular shape of the design.

The inner ring incorporates the traditional Niuean design of the "lau niu/pola".

The triangles shown inside the border of the ring represent the frequent use in traditional Niueanhiapo design, but also represent a jagged edge that refers to the "Rock of Polynesia."

Stylised Tree in the Centre: The representations are traditional Niuean designs that characterise growth and prosperity. The tree itself represents life and is inspired by the flora of Niue. The placement of the tree in the centre represents life on Niue, sustenance and the culture of Niue and its people.

The Coin comes in a book-style packaging in keeping with its Arabic theme. The Certificate of Authenticity (COA) is printed alongside the coin.











Links to posts on Australia, New Zealand and countries and Overseas Territories of the South Pacific on this Blog:


2) Papua New Guinea: An uncirculated coin set brought out in 1995 commemorating the 20th Anniversary of Independence 


 3) Currency & Coinage of the Solomon Islands: Dollars and Cents

4) New Zealand: New Banknote "Seventh Series" issued under Project "Brighter Money" from 2015 onwards

5) Coinage of the French Polynesian Island of Caledonia (or Nouvelle Caledonie) the CFP Franc  

6) French Institution for issuing uniform currency/coinage for French Overseas Territories in the Pacific and the French Southern Territories of Antarctica: The Institut d'emmission d'outre Mer (IEOM)

7) Currency & Coinage of Samoa: Tala and Sene 

8) Currency of the South Pacific Island Country of Fiji 

9) Coinage of New Zealand: A commemorative coin set issued in 1979 

10) Currency and Coinage of Australia: Dollars and Cents 

11) The Australian Emblem or the Coat of Arms 

12) The story of the Australian Penny 

13) The Legend of the Mutiny on the Bounty: A Commemorative Coin Set from the Pitcairn Islands depicting relics from the Bounty issued in 2009 

14) An Australian $5 coin issued in 1996, commemorating Australia's greatest cricketing legend - Sir Donald Bradman 

15) New Series/Generation of Australian Banknotes being introduced from 01.09.2016 onwards starting from $5 issues 

16) Southern Lights: A $1 Silver holographic coin issued by the Reserve Bank of New Zealand in January 2017

17) Currency & coinage of the Kingdom of Tonga : Pa'anga & Seniti 

18) Postage Stamps & Coin: Commemorating the Centenary of the Trans-Australian Railway Line stamps issued by Australia Post & coins by Perth Mint on 04.07.2017


20) The Earth and Beyond Coin Series issued by the Royal Australian Mint (RAM): First coin in the series - The Earth - issued on 03.04.2018


21) Wedge Tailed Eagle Coin Series: 200 Dollars Gold, 100 Dollars Gold & 1 Dollar Silver coins brought out by the Perth Mint, Australia in its on-going series started in 2014 in collaboration with John Mercanti, Chief Engraver of the US Mint: Coins issued in 2018


22) Australian Kangaroo Coin Series: 25th Anniversary Commemoration: A $100 Gold Coin and a $10 Silver Coin with selective gold plating issued by the Royal Australian Mint (RAM) in 2018


23) "Kangaroo at Sunset": The Royal Australian Mint (RAM) is phasing out this iconic $25 Gold Coin from its repertoire of Commemorative Coins in 2018


24) "Discovery": An exclusive one piece - 2 Kilo Gold Coin studded with four Argyle Pink Diamonds/Gemstones minted by the Perth Mint, Australia in co-ordination with the Argyle Pink Diamonds Mine on 04.09.2018


25) "The Moon": The Earth and Beyond three Silver Coin Series: Royal Australian Mint issues the second coin in the series - a silver coloured Five (AUD) Dollars Concave-shaped (Domed) Coin on 03.09.2018


26) New $10 Australian Banknote issued on 18.09.2017 under the "Fourth Series of Banknotes": New generation of Australian Banknotes being introduced in a phased manner from 09/2016 onwards by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA)

27) New Australian 50 Dollar Banknote (AUD $50) issued in 10/2018, under the "Fourth Series of Banknotes": New Generation of Australian Banknotes introduced in a phased manner from 09/2016 onwards by Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA)


28) "Lake Argyle" - "The Jewel of the Kimberley", Australia: Limited Edition Series of Rare diamond ingots in Pink Gold (10 Oz. & 1 Oz.) and Platinum (1 Oz.) studded with eight Argyle Pink Diamonds each issued by the Perth Mint, Australia in collaboration with the Argyle Pink Diamond Mine (2018)


29) "The Sun": The Earth and Beyond Coin Series": Royal australian Mint (RAM) issues the third and final coin in the three-coin Series, a Silver Coloured Five (AUD) Dollars Concave-shaped (Domed) Coin on 03.02.2019


30) Australia New Generation $20 Banknote is scheduled to be released in October 2019, joining the already released Banknotes in the denominations of $5, $10 and $50 in the new Series

Links to interesting Posts on coins from Tuvalu Islands:
Links to posts on issues from the Republic of Palau:

2) Four Leaf Clover - Coin titled "Silver Fortune" - A 5 Dollars Silver coin issued by Coin Invest Trust in 2018


3) Totem Pole 2 Oz. or 10 Dollars Silver coin from the Republic of Palau being issued on 12.06.2018


4) The "Maneki Neko Cat" ot the "Fortune Cat" : A $1 Gold Coin issued by the Republic of Palau: Minted by B.H. Mayer's Kunstprageanstalt, Munich for Coin Invest Trust in 2018


Links to Posts on coin issues from Niue Islands:


1) Battle of Marathon: Battles that changed History Coin Series: A $2 Silver coin issued by the New Zealand Mint of behalf of Niue Islands in 2018


2) Sachin Tendulkar: "World's Greatest Batsman": Gold & Silver coins issued by the New Zealand Mint on behalf of Niue Islands in 2015


3) The Red Dragon, an issue from Niue Island: minted by the New Zealand Mint: "The Mythical Dragons of the World Coin Series": The first Silver 5 Dollars selectively coloured Coin in the Series features the "Red Dragon of Vortigern": Year of issue: 2019

4) "The Four Dragons", Niue Island: Minted by the New Zealand Mint: The "Mythical Dragons of the World Coin Series": The second Silver 5 Dollars Selectively Coloured Coin in the Series features the Four Dragons: the Long Dragon, the Yellow Dragon, the Black Dragon and the Pearl Dragon: Year of issue: 2019

5) The "1001 Arabian Nights Tales": First $2 Silver crown Coin coin in the Series depicts the story of Ali Baba and the 40 thieves: Coin issue date: 29.03.2019

2 comments:

  1. Another very interesting piece, we used to read the bookas a kid, but I didn't know the detailed history. Glad to find that there are related coins.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Thank you so much, Tom. This coin series from Niue Island quite surprised me. Nevertheless, I was happy to note that stories from the "Arabian Nights" which I had comic books on, in my school days, are figuring in this entire Coin Series.

      Delete