3120) "Temple of Kotosh/Religious Tradition," Peru: "Riqueza y Orgullo del Peru” ("Wealth and Pride of Peru Coin Series"): A 1 (One) Sol Coin showcases the Relief of Crossed Hands above the Kotosh Temple Wall: Date/Year of Coin issue: 2013:
The Central Reserve Bank of Peru in 2010 unveiled the design for one-sol coins, in its numismatic series called “Riqueza y Orgullo del Peru” ("Wealth and Pride of Peru").
The "Wealth and Pride of Peru" series first began in 2010 with the issue of the Golden Tumi as its motif.
Successive coins were issued such as the Karajia Sarcophagi, the Estela de Raimondi, the Chullupas of Sillustani, Machu Picchu, the Monastery of Santa Catalina, the Saywite Stone, the Great Pajaten, the Real Felipe Fortress, and the Temple of Vilcashuamán, and the Ruins/Monolith of Kuntur Wasi.
The Coins launched in this one-sol series included 26 unique designs reflecting Peru’s history and traditions.
The Kotosh Temple/Religious Tradition:
This is a term used by archaeologists to refer to the ritual buildings that were constructed in the mountain drainages of the Andes between circa 3000 and c. 1800 BCE, during the Andean preceramic, or Late Archaic period of Andean history.
Archaeologists have identified and excavated a number of these ritual centres - the first of these to be discovered was that at Kotosh, although since then further examples have been found at Shillacoto, Wairajirca, Huaricoto, La Galgada, Piruru, among others.
These sites are all located in highland zones that are lower than the Puna, and yet there are considerable distances separating them. In spite of this, all these cases of highland preceramic public architecture are remarkably similar.
Kotosh tradition shows numerous links with the Chavín culture that emerged at most of these sites subsequently.
KOTOSH is a pre-ceramic archaeological site in the Huánuco region, in the highlands of Peru's central Andes, where 10 superimposed buildings have been identified.
While clearing a terraced temple, the "Relief of the Crossed Hands", a bas-relief made of dried mud and thought to date back more than 4,200 years, was uncovered, making the site one of the oldest on the American continent in terms of religious architecture and sculpture.
Cultures represented here are - Kotosh Religious Tradition and Chavín culture.
Kotosh is an archaeological site near the town of Huánuco, Peru, consisting of a series of buildings comprising six periods of continuous occupation.
Three cultural phases which preceded the Chavin culture were identified at Kotosh,Wairajirca and Mito.
Kotosh Period:
The Kotosh Period culture stratum was situated directly beneath the Chavin culture stratum.
At this stage, maize cultivation has appeared.
Some Kotosh elements show links with the Chavin culture.
For example - stirrup spouts, plain rocker stampings, and curvilinear ceramic designs. There are also similarities in black paint on red ceramics. Kotosh Black Polished Incised pottery is similar to Classical Chavin pottery.
Wairajirca period:
This is when the first pottery appeared.
Wayrajirca pottery was originally found at its type site Wayrajirca, which is near Kotosh, and this pottery is also known from elsewhere in the northern highlands.
The Wairajirca period continued from the late eighteenth to late twelfth century BC (1750-1150 BC).
The pottery is characterised by the polished brown and black styles decorated with incisions and post-firing paint. The designs are simple and geometric; anthropomorphic figures be added at later periods.
The Kotosh Period strongly maintained the traditions of the preceding Wairajirca Period, including the ceramic tradition.
Mito period:
This was the earliest identified cultural period, which was preceramic.
During this period, The Temple of the Crossed Hands was first built. The image of crossed arms is characteristic for the Kotosh temple iconography.
Some Lauricocha culture stone tools were found in this period.
Lauricocha culture is a sequence of preceramic cultural periods in Peru's history, spanning about 5,000 years from c. 8000 to 2500 BC.
The total prehistoric sequence in Peru spans 15,000 years, starting at about 13,000 BC when the first gatherer-hunter societies left their traces in the Ayacucho and Ancash highlands.
These were populations that were migrating from the North American continent through Central America and populated the Andes. Traces of these early groups have been found in rock caves of Lauricocha, Pacaicasa and Guitarrero.
The Lauricocha Cave at an altitude of over 4000 m was discovered in 1957 near Lauricocha Lake and the source of the Marañón River, one of the headwaters of the Amazon River. It contained human remains, the oldest found in Peru, which can be dated back to the last glacial period, c. 9,500 years ago.
The Commemorative Coin:
Inscribed towards the upper periphery is the inscription - "TUMI DE KOTOSH - S. XXX. VII a. C." Vertically engraved is seen "1 NEUVO SOL".
The specifications of the One Sol Coin are:
Country of issue: Republic of Peru; Coin Series Theme: "Riqueza y Orgullo del Peru” ("Wealth and Pride of Peru Coin Series"); Coin Theme: "Kotosh Religious Tradition - Crossed Hands above the Temple Wall.")"; Coin Quality: Circulation Commemorative Coin; Date/Year of Coin issue: 2013; Denomination of Coin: 1 (One Nuevo Sol); Metal Composition: Nickel-brass; Weight: 7.32 grams; Diameter/Size: 25.5 mm; Thickness: 1.9 mm; Minted By: National Mint House; Mint Mark: LIMA; Mintage: 10.00 Million pieces; Shape: Round; Technique: Milled; Orientation/Coin alignment: ↑↓; Edge: Reeded. "Kotosh Temple Tradition."
Links to Posts on Peru:
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Links to Posts on Curacao on this Blog:
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21) New Polymer Banknotes, Trinidad and Tobago: The entire series will consist of $100, $50, $20, $10, $5 and $1 denominations: $100 has already been issued on 09.12.2019
23) "Caribbean Sea-Horse", Barbados: $10 (Ten Dollars) 1.0 Oz. Gold Bullion Coins & $1 (One Dollar) 1.0 Oz. Silver Bullion Coins minted by the Scottsdale Mint; Year of issue: 2020
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Links to Posts on Curacao on this Blog:
Rajan Trikha has commented:
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DeleteSantosh Khanna has commented:
ReplyDelete"A VERY informative and interesting article. Thanks for sharing."
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