2771) Charlemagne (02.04.747 - 28.01.814), Federal Republic of Germany: 1,275th Birth Anniversary (747-2023): A €2 commemorative Coin celebrates the milestone: Date/Year of Coin issue: 30.03.2023:
The German Federal Republic’s Ministry of Finance and Munze Deutschland ("Mint of Germany") has issued its second 2023-dated €2 Commemorative Coins which marks the 1,275th Birth Anniversary of Charlemagne, who was the Franconian King and Roman Emperor who is considered to be the progenitor of European unity and an important sponsor of education and culture.
The Header/Banner shows the Reverse and Obverse of the €2 commemorative Coin at right and a portrait of Charlemagne at left. On top left is the name of the German Mint "MUNZE DEUTSCHELAND". In the background are seen the personal monogram of the Emperor and the Octagon shape of the dome of the Aachen Cathedral.
Charlemagne (or "Charles the Great") 02.04.747 – 28.01.814):
He was a member of the Carolingian dynasty, was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and the Emperor of the Romans from 800.
Charlemagne succeeded in uniting the majority of Western and Central Europe and was the first recognised Emperor to rule from Western Europe after the fall of the Western Roman Empire around three centuries earlier.
The expanded Frankish state that Charlemagne founded was the Carolingian Empire, which is considered the first phase in the history of the Holy Roman Empire.
He was canonised by Antipope Paschal III—an act later treated as invalid—and he is now regarded by some as beatified (which is a step on the path to sainthood) in the Catholic Church.
Charlemagne was the eldest son of Pepin the Short and Bertrada of Laon. He was born before their canonical marriage.
He became King of the Franks in 768 following his father's death and was initially co-ruler with his brother Carloman I until the latter's death in 771.
As sole ruler, he continued his father's policy towards protection of the papacy and became its sole defender, removing the Lombards from power in northern Italy and leading an incursion into Muslim Spain.
He also campaigned against the Saxons to his East, Christianising them (upon penalty of death) which led to events such as the Massacre of Verden.
He reached the height of his power in 800 when he was crowned Emperor of the Romans by Pope Leo III on Christmas Day at Old St. Peter's Basilica in Rome.
Charlemagne has been called the "Father of Europe" ("Pater Europae"), as he united most of Western Europe for the first time since the classical era of the Roman Empire, as well as uniting parts of Europe that had never been under Frankish or Roman rule.
His reign spurred the Carolingian Renaissance, a period of energetic cultural and intellectual activity within the Western Church.
The Eastern Orthodox Church viewed Charlemagne less favourably, due to his support of the filioque and the Pope's preference of him as emperor over the Byzantine Empire's first female monarch, Irene of Athens.
These and other disputes led to the eventual split of Rome and Constantinople in the Great Schism of 1054.
Charlemagne passed away in 814 after contracting an infectious lung disease. He was laid to rest in the Aachen Cathedral, in his imperial capital city of Aachen.
He married at least four times, and three of his legitimate sons lived to adulthood.
Only the youngest of them, Louis the Pious, survived to succeed him.
Charlemagne is a direct ancestor of many of Europe's royal houses, including the "Capetian dynasty", the "Ottonian dynasty", the "House of Luxembourg", the "House of Ivrea" and the "House of Habsburg".
The Coin:
The Reverse and Obverse of the Bi-metallic Coin placed side-by-side
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On the Reverse of the €2 Bi-metallic Commemorative Coin is presented a blend of both depth of content and historical references.
Two contemporary pictorial elements come together, which feature the personal monogram of the Emperor and the Octagon shape of the dome of the Aachen Cathedral.
They are formed into a central work of art of its own character.
Above the primary design is the inscription "KARL DER GROßE" (“Charles the Great”), with the commemorative years "748" and "814" placed below.
The year of issue 2023 is inscribed to the lower left, and the initials "D" followed by the mintmark of Stuttgart "F" (one of the five German Mints which have minted this Coin) is placed to the lower right.
The dynamic and contemporary design is an innovative celebration of this outstanding personality in European history.
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The Obverse of the €2 Bi-metallic Commemorative Coin is that of the standard euro-zone design for the two-euro coins - the numeral "2" is superimposed over a map depicting Europe designed by artist Luc Luycx ,whose initials "LL" are inscribed at centre right on the outer ring of the Bi-metallic Coin.
The specificatons of this Bi-metallic Coin are:
Country: Federal Republic of Germany (FRG); Date/Year of Coin issue: 30.03.2023; Coin Theme: 1,275th Birth Anniversary of Charlemagne (or Charles the Great); Coin Denomination: €2 (Two Euro) x 5 Mints; Metal Composition: Bi-metallic; Weight: 8.5 grams; Diameter/Size: 25.75 mm; Minted By: Deutsche Mint, Federal Republic of Germany; Mints and Mint Marks: Berlin (A), Munich (D), Stuttgart (F), Karlsruhe (G), Hamburg (J); Coin Quality: Proof (P) and Brilliant Uncirculated (BU); Embossing quality: Stamp gloss/mirror gloss; Mintage: 25,000 sets (BU), 30,000 sets (P); Designer: Tobias Winnen, Berlin.
- The Brilliant Uncirculated set of coins is presented in a sealed card format, while the Proof-quality versions are sealed in a presentation folder and slip case.
- Each option consists of five coins, with each minted by the five national or state mints: Berlin (A), Munich (D), Stuttgart (F), Karlsruhe (G), Hamburg (J).
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