3444) A Silver hoard of Bracteate Coins produced at Breisach, Freiburg in Breisgau, and Zofingen. Smaller numbers originated from Basel, Colmar, Laufenburg, St. Gallen, and Zurich found in Glottertal: Date of Hoard discovery: Around 05/2024:
The coin weighs 18 grams and measures 39 millimeters in
diameter. It is a part of a Large Medieval Hoard Uncovered
The Bracteate coins, discovered in May 2024, were found
in Glottertal, Germany, and resemble small silver plates.
What is a Bracteate Coin?
A Bracteate coin is a thin, flat, single-sided coin that
was minted in the medieval period. The word "Bracteate" comes from
the Latin word bractea, which means "thin piece of metal".
Bracteates were produced in a number of regions,
including:
Northern Europe:
During the Germanic Iron Age, bracteates were produced in
Northern Europe, including the Vendel era in Sweden.
Bay of Bengal:
Bracteate coins were also produced in the medieval
kingdoms around the Bay of Bengal, such as Harikela and Mon city-states.
Norway:
Bracteates were introduced to Norway around 1110 and were
minted until 1510-1522.
More about Bracteate Coins:
Bracteates were made by striking a design on one side of
a thin blank, which made the pattern visible on the reverse as a negative
design. Some bracteates only have a central motif, while others have a border
of geometrical patterns and a decorated outer rim.
Bracteates were often made of gold, but silver bracteates
were also produced in central Europe during the Early Middle Ages.
The largest find of medieval bracteate coins in recent
times was recently announced in Glottertal, Germany. Those studying the find
hope to gain a new perspective on the area’s local history and contemporary
silver mining operations.
A hoard of approximately 1,600 silver bracteate coins was
recently announced in Glottertal, Germany.
Glottertal is situated in the Black Forest in the
Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald district.
Archaeological evidence indicates iron
smelting has taken place there since Roman times.
Silver mining began during
the 11th century.
A 15-kilometer water channel supplying the mines with water
was built in 1284.
Mining activities ceased late in the 12th century following
the mines' flooding.
According to a Stuttgart Regional Council statement, the
hoard was discovered in May 2024.
The coins were uncovered during the installation
of a water pipe near the village swimming pool. The workers were accompanied by
Claus Volker, who was hired by the State Office for Monument Preservation.
Volker reported seeing what he initially described as
“small metal plates.”
What he had found was a hoard of approximately 1,600
silver bracteate coins.
Bracteates are very thin uniface coins, the obverse
image penetrating to the reverse in incuse form.
It is believed bracteate
coinage began in the 12th century. They were minted by hundreds of independent
continental European political entities through at least the 15th century.
Bracteates were commonly recalled (Renovatio monetae or coin renewal) at a favourable
exchange rate to the coin issuing authority, who then re-coined them using
different designs.
The area was swept with metal detectors to find the
balance of the coins.
A Stuttgart Regional Council statement said, “Despite
sometimes adverse conditions — the rain turned the waste into knee-deep mud —
the commissioners did not let themselves be deterred. Their persistence was
rewarded with the discovery of around 600 more coins.”
The coins were initially field-cleaned before being sent
to a lab for further study.
It was determined that most of the coins were
minted about 1320, the majority having been produced at Breisach, Freiburg in
Breisgau, and Zofingen. Smaller numbers originated from Basel, Colmar,
Laufenburg, St. Gallen, and Zurich.
Breisach issued 19-millimeter, 0.39-gram silver
bracteates on which the city's shield appears.
Coins of Breisach are known from
as early as Heinrich I von Horburg (1180-1191).
Freiburg bracteates are about 15.00 mm and weigh 0.24 grams.
The later Freiburger rappen was associated with the Rappenmunzbund coinage used
in the southern Upper Rhine region for about 180 years following attempts to
create a larger coinage area in about 1377.
Holy Roman Emperor Frederic II granted Zofingen the right
to strike coins in 1239. Numerous designs were issued, but all are imitations
of coin designs from other coin-issuing authorities.
The mix of many issuing entities
illustrates the extensive trade networks and currency circulation within the
region during the early 14th century.
It is hopes the hoard will provide
information on aspects of the region’s history, including the circulation of
coins in Breisgau, the minting activities of local mints, mining operations in
Glottertal at that time in history, and the local silver trade.
Glottertal has been one of the most important mining
areas for the dukes of Freiburg. The site where
the coins were found was a main settlement area for miners.
It is estimated that the hoard would have had the
value of approximately 150 sheep.
There are no clues as to why the coins were
buried, although they were likely hidden to prevent theft, as a substitute for
using a bank, or due to some local conflict.
The find is the largest since about 5,000 coins dating
from the 1280s were discovered in 1949 in Freiburg. Four additional but smaller
hoards dating from the same period have been found in the greater region.
With these treasures, we can
see which coins have been common. The evaluation of this coin hoard
will enable one to make statements about the circulation of coins in Breisgau,
the minting activity in the mints, the silver trade, and also the mining in
Glottertal.
Glottertal is about 10 kilometers or six miles northeast
of Freiburg. Freiburg was founded by the House of Zähringen, a dynasty ruled by
dukes from around 1120 to 1218.
The House of Urach took over the city following
the end of the Zähringer line. It has a mintage limit of 3,000 pieces.
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Rajan Trikha has commented:
ReplyDelete"Wonderful post 👍"
Thank you Trikha sahab.
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